Li, L. & Wu, M. Binary compound bilayer and multilayer with vertical polarizations: two-dimensional ferroelectrics, multiferroics, and nanogenerators. ACS Nano 11, 6382–6388 (2017).
Zhang, D., Schoenherr, P., Sharma, P. & Seidel, J. Ferroelectric order in van der Waals layered materials. Nat. Rev. Mater. 8, 25–40 (2023).
Wang, C., You, L., Cobden, D. & Wang, J. Towards two-dimensional van der Waals ferroelectrics. Nat. Mater. 22, 542–552 (2023).
Klein, D. R. et al. Electrical switching of a bistable moiré superconductor. Nat. Nanotechnol. 18, 331–335 (2023).
Jindal, A. et al. Coupled ferroelectricity and superconductivity in bilayer Td-MoTe2. Nature 613, 48–52 (2023).
Kang, K. et al. Switchable moiré potentials in ferroelectric WTe2/WSe2 superlattices. Nat. Nanotechnol. 18, 861–866 (2023).
Wu, Q., Kang, L., Wu, J. & Lin, Z. Large sliding regulation in van der Waals layered nonlinear optical ternary chalcogenides. npj Comput. Mater. 9, 1–10 (2023).
Fei, Z. et al. Ferroelectric switching of a two-dimensional metal. Nature 560, 336–339 (2018).
Vizner Stern, M. et al. Interfacial ferroelectricity by van der Waals sliding. Science 372, 1462–1466 (2021).
Yasuda, K., Wang, X., Watanabe, K., Taniguchi, T. & Jarillo-Herrero, P. Stacking-engineered ferroelectricity in bilayer boron nitride. Science 372, 1458–1462 (2021).
Woods, C. R. et al. Charge-polarized interfacial superlattices in marginally twisted hexagonal boron nitride. Nat. Commun. 12, 347 (2021).
Rogée, L. et al. Ferroelectricity in untwisted heterobilayers of transition metal dichalcogenides. Science 376, 973–978 (2022).
Weston, A. et al. Interfacial ferroelectricity in marginally twisted 2D semiconductors. Nat. Nanotechnol. 17, 390–395 (2022).
Wang, X. et al. Interfacial ferroelectricity in rhombohedral-stacked bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides. Nat. Nanotechnol. 17, 367–371 (2022).
Deb, S. et al. Cumulative polarization in conductive interfacial ferroelectrics. Nature 612, 465–469 (2022).
Ko, K. et al. Operando electron microscopy investigation of polar domain dynamics in twisted van der Waals homobilayers. Nat. Mater. 22, 992–998 (2023).
Zheng, Z. et al. Unconventional ferroelectricity in moiré heterostructures. Nature 588, 71–76 (2020).
Niu, R. et al. Giant ferroelectric polarization in a bilayer graphene heterostructure. Nat. Commun. 13, 6241 (2022).
Zheng, Z. et al. Electronic ratchet effect in a moiré system: signatures of excitonic ferroelectricity. Preprint at (2023).
Yan, X. et al. Moiré synaptic transistor with room-temperature neuromorphic functionality. Nature 624, 551–556 (2023).
Wang, Y. et al. Ferroelectricity in hBN intercalated double-layer graphene. Front. Phys. 17, 43504 (2022).
Sharma, P. et al. A room-temperature ferroelectric semimetal. Sci. Adv. 5, eaax5080 (2019).
de la Barrera, S. C. et al. Direct measurement of ferroelectric polarization in a tunable semimetal. Nat. Commun. 12, 5298 (2021).
Van Winkle, M. et al. Engineering interfacial polarization switching in van der Waals multilayers. Nat. Nanotechnol. 19, 751–757 (2024).
Lv, M. et al. Spatially resolved polarization manipulation of ferroelectricity in twisted hBN. Adv. Mater. 34, 2203990 (2022).
Lv, M. et al. Multiresistance states in ferro- and antiferroelectric trilayer boron nitride. Nat. Commun. 15, 295 (2024).
Molino, L. et al. Ferroelectric switching at symmetry-broken interfaces by local control of dislocations networks. Adv. Mater. 35, 2207816 (2023).
Yang, T. H. et al. Ferroelectric transistors based on shear-transformation-mediated rhombohedral-stacked molybdenum disulfide. Nat. Electron. 7, 29–38 (2024).
Wang, Z.-J. et al. Conversion of chirality to twisting via sequential one-dimensional and two-dimensional growth of graphene spirals. Nat. Mater. 23, 331–338 (2024).
Zhao, Y. et al. Supertwisted spirals of layered materials enabled by growth on non-Euclidean surfaces. Science 370, 442–445 (2020).
Castellanos-Gomez, A. et al. Van der Waals heterostructures. Nat. Rev. Methods Prim. 2, 1–19 (2022).
Martin, J. W. et al. Graphite rapidly forms via annihilation of screw dislocations. Carbon 215, 118386 (2023).
Ci, P. et al. Breaking rotational symmetry in supertwisted WS2 spirals via moiré magnification of intrinsic heterostrain. Nano Lett. 22, 9027–9035 (2022).
Park, H. J. et al. Double-spiral hexagonal boron nitride and shear strained coalescence boundary. Nano Lett. 19, 4229–4236 (2019).
Liu, Y. et al. Helical van der Waals crystals with discretized Eshelby twist. Nature 570, 358–362 (2019).
Tay, R. Y. et al. Concentric and spiral few-layer graphene: growth driven by interfacial nucleation vs screw dislocation. Chem. Mater. 30, 6858–6866 (2018).
Shearer, M. J. et al. Complex and noncentrosymmetric stacking of layered metal dichalcogenide materials created by screw dislocations. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 139, 3496–3504 (2017).
Ly, T. H. et al. Vertically conductive MoS2 spiral pyramid. Adv. Mater. 28, 7723–7728 (2016).
Sarma, P. V., Patil, P. D., Barman, P. K., Kini, R. N. & Shaijumon, M. M. Controllable growth of few-layer spiral WS2. RSC Adv. 6, 376–382 (2015).
Zhang, L. et al. Three-dimensional spirals of atomic layered MoS2. Nano Lett. 14, 6418–6423 (2014).
Chen, L. et al. Screw-dislocation-driven growth of two-dimensional few-layer and pyramid-like WSe2 by sulfur-assisted chemical vapor deposition. ACS Nano 8, 11543–11551 (2014).
Park, H. J. et al. One-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride conducting channel. Sci. Adv. 6, eaay4958 (2020).
Zhao, T. et al. Substrate engineering for wafer-scale two-dimensional material growth: strategies, mechanisms, and perspectives. Chem. Soc. Rev. 52, 1650–1671 (2023).
Xu, X. et al. Growth of 2D materials at the wafer scale. Adv. Mater. 34, 2108258 (2022).
Zhang, L., Dong, J. & Ding, F. Strategies, status, and challenges in wafer scale single crystalline two-dimensional materials synthesis. Chem. Rev. 121, 6321–6372 (2021).
Wang, W. et al. Clean assembly of van der Waals heterostructures using silicon nitride membranes. Nat. Electron. 6, 981–990 (2023).
Li, H. et al. Constructing van der Waals heterostructures by dry-transfer assembly for novel optoelectronic device. Nanotechnology 33, 465601 (2022).
Frisenda, R. et al. Recent progress in the assembly of nanodevices and van der Waals heterostructures by deterministic placement of 2D materials. Chem. Soc. Rev. 47, 53–68 (2018).
Qi, J. et al. Stacking-controlled growth of rBN crystalline films with high nonlinear optical conversion efficiency up to 1%. Adv. Mater. 36, 2303122 (2024).
Kim, K. et al. Tunable moiré bands and strong correlations in small-twist-angle bilayer graphene. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 114, 3364–3369 (2017).
Wang, L. et al. One-dimensional electrical contact to a two-dimensional material. Science 342, 614–617 (2013).
